Hydraulic pump



E. S. EMMONS HYDRAULIC PUMP Jan. 2, 1940.

3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Aug. 5, 1956 F1 El. 0. 1%;

INVENTOR Elias S. Emmons /M%%U ATTORNEY Jan. 2, 1940. EMMQNS 2,185,727

HYDRAULIC PUMP Filed Aug. 3. 1936 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 W 15.5. 1= f IE 7 Elias Sllfmmons INVENTOR ATTORNEY E. S. EMMONS HYDRAULIC PUMP Jan. 2, 1940.

Filed Aug. 3. 1956 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 1 1 EEJI- lNV ENTOR Elias 5. Emmqns ATTORNEY Patented Jan. 2, 1940 UNlTED STATES HYDRAULIC PUlVIP Elias S. Emmons, Fort Worth, Tex., assignor to P. B. Barnett and J. E. Ashenfelder Application August 3, 1936, Serial No. 94,065

1 Claim.

This invention relates to hydraulic pumps for oil, water, and the like, and it has particular reference to a type of pump wherein the fluid is lifted to the earth's surface by hydraulic pressure I and its principal object resides in the provision of a novel arrangement of parts affording an economical means of raising liquid from an oil, or water well by forcing a portion of the said liquid back into the well providing a hydraulic lift for reciprocating plungers arranged beneath the surface of the said fluid.

Another object of the invention resides in the provision of'a device of the character described comprising an arrangement of elements which can be lowered into an oil well casing of conventional type and caused to function to provide a continuous flow of the fluid therefrom and thus eliminating much of the attendant cost of producing oil by conventional methods which con- 20 sists in the use of pump jacks, sucker rods, and

other equipment, and whose efficiency is comparatively minimized due to the necessity for the provision of a long string of sucker rods and power equipment required to operate the latter.

2! Broadly, the invention seeks to comprehend the provision of a pump or lift whereby the equipment required to accomplish the desired results comprises only a portion of that ordinarily found necessary to lift such fluids yet affords an assem- 30 bly whose original cost and maintenance is greatly minimized since few working parts are required for its efficient operation.

While the foregoing objects are paramount ,other and lesser objects will become manifest as 35 the description proceeds taken in connection with the appended drawings wherein:

Figure l is a side elevational view of the operating equipment at the earth's surface and a cross section of a well showing the equipment assem- 40 bled therein.

Figure 2 is a cross sectional view of the upper and lower plungers illustrating the arrangement I of check valves. by-passes, and the like.

Figure 3 is a fragmentary plan view of the 45 valve operating mechanism illustrated in Figure 1.

Figure 4 is an enlarged cross sectional view of the lower plunger illustrated in Figure 2.

Figure 5 is a cross sectional view of one form of check valve utilized in the invention.

Figure 6 illustrates another form of check valve.

Figure '7 is a detailed cross sectional illustration of a stuifing box for a rod connecting the 55 upper and lower plungers.

Figure 8 is a perspective illustration of a valve actuating device.

Figure 9 is an end view of the pumping apparatus and a valve arrangement taken on lines 9-9 of Figure 1. 5

Figure 10 is a lateral cross section taken on lines Hll0 of Figure 1.

Figure 11 is a diagrammatic illustration of the entire pump assembly illustrating, by arrows, the direction of the how of the liquid when the piston 10 in the upper cylinder is in one position, and

Figure 12 is a diagrammatic illustration showing, by arrows, the flow of the liquid when the piston in the upper cylinder is in the opposite position to that shown in Figure 11. 15

Primarily, therefore, the invention comprises a cylinder l which is supported by a base 2 upon which is also supported a motor or other power unit 3, as shown in Figure 1. A piston 4 is operativcly disposed within the cylinder l and is reciprocated therein through the medium of a rod 5 whose opposite end is pivotally connected at 6 to pitman I concentrically attached to a drive wheel 8 which is mounted upon the main shaft of the motor 3. The piston rod 5 is supported by a bearing 9 which is secured to the base 2 intermediate the motor 3 and the cylinder I.

A pair of pipes or tubes l0 and II are provided and the pipe l0 communicates with one end of the cylinder 1 through a connection l2, while the pipe I I is connected into the said cylinder l, and connection l3, as illustrated in Figure 1, and the piston 4 in the said cylinder operates between the two communications l2 and I3 thus providing an alternate intake and discharge medium as the piston 4 operates within the cylinder I, as illustrated in Figures 11 and 12.

The tubes or pipes l0 and l I extend downwardly into the well, as shown in Figures 1, 11 and 12, and the pipe l0 terminates within the cap I4 of the larger and lowermost pump cylinder l5 situated in the lower portion of the well and beneath the fluid level. The pipe ll extends downwardly alongside the cylinder l5 and communicates with the lower end of the cylinder l5 through a return bend l6 which is threaded into the lower cap I! of the cylinder l5, as illustrated in Figures 1 and 2. A conventional ball check valve 18 is secured within the lowermost end of the pipe l0 where the latter enters the cap [4 of the cylinder H, as shown in Figure 2, and the pipe II is also provided with a similar check valve l9.

Threaded into the cap l4 of the cylinder I5 is a smaller cylinder 20 whose uppermost end is threaded into a Y-branch 2| connected into the pipe iii, as shown in Figures 1, ii and 12, which branch afiords a communication between the top of the cylinder 2!! and the pipe it, A plunger 22, provided with a series of cups 23, is opera-= tively arranged-within the cylinder 23 and is pro= vided with a rod 23 which extends downwardly through a packing gland 23 in the cap it of the cylinder i5. The lowermost end oi the rod 23 is connected tothe upper end of a larger plunger 26 operating within the cylinder 55 and which piston is also provided with a series of cups 2?. It is desirable to arrange a portion of the cups 23 and 21 on the plungers 22 and 23 in opposite directions, that is, to arrange some of the cups on these elements in such a manner as to be directed downwardly while others are directed upwardv in order to provide eficient operation of these elements in either direction. arrangement is illustrated more in detail in Figure 4 and is conventional in its scope. A Y-bend 23 is also provided on the pipe it which afiords a communication 29 with the lowermost end of the cylinder 20 upon the cap Hi of the cylinder 03, as shown in Figure 2.

Each of the pipes l and Ii are provided with valves 30 and 3| at the earths surface, as shown in Figures 1 and 3, and each are alternately opened and closed by a reciprocating member 32 which is adjustably attached at 33 to the piston rod 5 of the piston 4. The integral sleeve 33 of the member 32 is adapted to surround the rod 5 and be secured thereto, when properly adjusted, by a set screw 34, or the like. As the rod, 5 operates, therefore, in its reciprocating movement the lugs 35 on each end of the member 32 engage the arms 36 of the valves 30 and 3|, as shown in Figure 3 to open and close the same. 7

Since the valves 30 and 3| are opposingly arranged, each engagement of the lugs 35 with the arms 36 thereof will open one of the said valves and close the other thereby allowing the fluid to flow through the said pipes HI and II alternately, as shown by the arrows in Figures 11 and 12. It will be .noted by reference to Figures 11 and 12 that the pipes l0 and H communicate with a common outlet 31 for the fluid circulated alternately through the pipes l0 and ii in the course of the operation of the device, as illustrated by the arrows in Figures'll and 12.

While the device herein described is illustrated within an oil well casing 38, it is equally advantageous to utilize the same beneath any liquid surface, such as a dug well, a lake, or any body of water having a suiiicient depth to permit this assembly to be submerged therein for efficient operation. It is considered desirable, however, to adapt the device to use for the production of petroleum from oil wells by reason of the fact that same is both eflicient and economical in its operation.

In operation, therefore, the motor or engine 3 operates the piston 4 within the cylinder I for wardly of the cylinder I from the position shown in Figure 1 expelling the fluid from the latter through the pipe II, as shown by the arrows in Figure 11, downwardly through the communication 29 into the lowermost end of the cylinder 20 and beneath the plunger 22 operating therein urging the latter upwardly. By reason of the connection through the rod 24 between the plunger 22 and the plunger 26 in the lower cylinder I5, the action of the liquid pressure through the pipe II and against the lower end of the plunger 22 will operate the plunger 26 upwardly e ema? in the cylinder l5 expressing the liquid therefrom through the check valve I8, the pipe '10, the valve 33, and outwardly through the common discharge or outlet 31.

As the liquid in the chamber i5 is forced upwardly through the pipe it, in the manner just described, a portion of the same is drawn into the cylinder it through the communication H, which connects the pipe it with the cylinder I, in the manner shown in the diagrammatic illustration in Figure 11, the arrows indicating the direction the now of the liquid as the piston 4 is moved forwardly in the cylinder 8 to express the liquid therefrom through the communication 62 into the pipe i i.

It is pointed out that the capacity of the cylinder i will equal that of the cylinder 23 since it is necessary to displace all of the liquid contained in the cylinder 5 into the cylinder 20 upon the movement of the piston 3 in the said cylinder i. Likewise, the length of the cylinder 23 and the cylinder it are the same in order that a coordinate movement of the plungers 22 and 23 will result.

'The upward movement of the plunger 26 in the cylinder 55 will draw a fresh supply of fluid into the cylinder l5 through a check valve 33 in the cap ll secured to the lowermost end of the cylinder i5. The action of the liquid is shown clearly by the arrows in Figure 11.

As the piston is drawn in the opposite direction in the cylinder on its return stroke, as illustrated by the arrows in Figure 12, liquid in the cylinder is expelled through the communi cation l3 in the opposite end thereof into the pipe l0 and downwardly through the Y-branch 2| into the top of the cylinder 20 urging the plunger 22 downwardly therein and'moving the plunger 26 to the lowermost end of the cylinder l5 expressing the fluid from the latter through the return bend l6 and the check valve |3 upwardly through the pipe II and the valve 3| and thence out through the common outlet 31, as illustrated in Figure 2. As the plunger 26 is drawn upwardly in the cylinder I5 the fluid is drawn into the latter through the check valve 33, the check valve l9 being closed during this operation and as the plunger 26 isurged downwardly in the cylinder it the fluid is drawn into the latter through the check valve 43 arranged in the cap l6 and which is urged in its closed position by a spring 4|. This valve is shown in detail in Figure 6.

Particular attention is directed to Figures 11 and 12 wherein is shown by arrows the direction of flow of the liquid through the entire arrangement of the pipes Ill and H and the cylinders I5 and 20. It will be noted that there is full reciprocating action of the piston 4 and the two plungers 22 and 26 which lifts the liquid to the earths surface on each movement in either direction. This is accomplished through the medium of the arrangement of valves 30 and 3| as well as the check valves previously described.

Thus,,by forcing the liquid downwardly through the pipe H and into the cylinder 20 beneath the plunger 22 and urging the latter upwardly therein it is possible to raise the plunger 26 in the cylinder i5 causing the liquid therein to be expelled through the pipe l0 and, upon reversing the flow of liquid through the pipe l0 downwardly into the top of the cylinder 20 urging the plunger 22 to a lowermost position and consequently the plunger 26 to its lowermost position, in the cylinder IS, the liquid therein contained is forced upwardly through the pipe and out through the discharge pipe 31, the check valves l9 and 39 functioning to cause the fluid in the cylinder IE to be by-passed through the return bend it secured in the cap ll of the cylinder i5.

Although the invention has been described wifli great particularity, certain changes and modifications may be resorted to from time to time by those skilled in the art and such changes and modifications as may be considered within the spirit and intent of the invention may also be considered as falling within the scope of the appended claim.

What is claimed is:

A hydraulic pump comprising a surface'cylinder, 9. piston within the surface cylinder, a piston rod attached to the said piston and extending through one end of the said piston through the medium of the said rod, 9. pair of tubes, one of which communicates with one end of the said surface cylinder through a pipe connection, whereas the other tube communicates with the other end of the said cylinder through another pipe connection, valves in the said tubes positioned within the proximity of the said piston rod, means attached to the said piston rod alternately actuating the said valves, a pair of subsurface cylinders arranged in axial alignment with respect to each other, pistons within each of the said subsurface cylinders, a cap providing a partition between the said subsurface cylinders, a piston rod attached to the subsurface pistons and through said cap, branched communieations connecting corresponding ends of the said subsurface cylinders with each of the said surface tubes, check valves positioned within the branched communications between the connections with the said subsurface cylinders, an inlet check valve within the said cap and one of the said subsurface cylinders, and another inlet check valve within the other end of the last named cylinder.

ELIAS 8. EMMONS. 

